an index of a vertex in the graph
Optional
epsilon: number = EPSILONan optional epsilon
true if the vertex is collinear and can be removed.
determine if a vertex exists between two and only two edges, and those edges are both parallel and on opposite ends of the vertex. In a lot of cases, this vertex can be removed and the graph would function the same. O(1) if vertices_edges exists, if not, O(n) where n=edges
a FOLD object